Prominent wood protection methods
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29298/rmcf.v15i84.1441Keywords:
wood degradation, durability, nanotechnology, wood preservation, chemical treatments, thermal treatmentsAbstract
Wood is a material widely used in construction, furniture, and other applications. Technologies are used to protect its quality and durability against biological damage and the effects of water, temperature and radiation that affect its physical and mechanical properties. The present work reviews the available treatments, evaluates their advantages and disadvantages, and defines the criteria for their use. The theme was divided into two sections: (I) Wood degrading agents, and (II) A classification of protection technologies that included both the traditional methods and novel approaches such as nanotechnology. The conclusions obtained with this approach point to the fact that several traditional chemical treatments substantially reduce biological damage and moisture absorption in wood. However, potential health and environmental effects should be considered. On the other hand, the dimensional stability of the wood is improved through the use of heat treatments. The use of nanometric composites for wood protection is a very promising technique that is under increasing development. However, it is a technology that requires special care because the nanomaterials must be toxic to the agents causing biodeterioration, but harmless or less hazardous to humans and the environment.
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