Comportamiento del fuego y consumo de la capa de hojarasca en bosques de pino-oyamel y pino-encino

Autores/as

  • Rubén Ortiz Mendoza Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León
  • Marco Aurelio González Tagle Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Facultad de Ciencias Forestales
  • Diego R. Pérez-Salicrup Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
  • Oscar A. Aguirre Calderón Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León
  • Wibke Himmelsbach Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León
  • Luis G. Cuéllar-Rodríguez Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29298/rmcf.v15i86.1485

Palabras clave:

Cama de combustible, comunidad arbórea, incendio forestal, propagación del fuego, quema de acículas, Reserva de la Biosfera Mariposa Monarca

Resumen

La carga de combustibles, la topografía y la humedad del combustible influyen en el comportamiento del fuego. Conocer la relación de estos permite identificar el comportamiento del fuego según la comunidad arbórea, y si su heterogeneidad corresponde o no a diferentes camas de combustibles forestales, lo cual ayudará a definir la necesidad de establecer diferentes acciones de manejo de combustibles en función de la comunidad arbórea. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar la propagación del fuego, la geometría de la flama y el consumo de la capa de hojarasca de pino-oyamel y pino-encino para definir, si corresponden a la misma cama de combustible. Se realizaron quemas en condiciones controladas de la capa de hojarasca en pendientes de 0°, 10° y 20°. Se observó diferente comportamiento del fuego entre las comunidades arbóreas (p<0.05), pero sin variación en el consumo de combustibles. La velocidad de propagación, longitud y altura de la flama y el Índice del fuego aumentaron de acuerdo a la pendiente, mientras que el ángulo de separación de la flama se redujo. La carga de hojarasca se correlacionó positivamente con la altura y longitud de la flama e Índice del fuego en el bosque de pino-oyamel. Los modelos ajustados indicaron que la intensidad del fuego aumentó exponencialmente con la longitud de la flama y logísticamente en la propagación del fuego. El comportamiento heterogéneo del fuego entre las comunidades arbóreas sugiere que corresponden a diferentes camas de combustibles, con influencia significativa de la pendiente en el comportamiento del fuego.

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Publicado

12-11-2024

Cómo citar

Ortiz Mendoza, Rubén, Marco Aurelio González Tagle, Diego R. Pérez-Salicrup, Oscar A. Aguirre Calderón, Wibke Himmelsbach, y Luis G. Cuéllar-Rodríguez. 2024. «Comportamiento Del Fuego Y Consumo De La Capa De Hojarasca En Bosques De Pino-Oyamel Y Pino-Encino». Revista Mexicana De Ciencias Forestales 15 (86). México, ME:77-100. https://doi.org/10.29298/rmcf.v15i86.1485.

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Artículo Científico