Importance of the desert microphilous scrubland for the white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus Mearns, 1898) in the state of Coahuila

Abstract

The white-tailed deer is the most important game species in Mexico. Knowledge about the components of the vegetation is important in management plans and influences the presence and maintenance of this species. The taxonomic diversity and productivity of a desert scrub in Coahuila was characterized and the value of said ecosystem in the conservation of deer populations was emphasized. The Canfield line and Adelaide method were used in the four seasons of the year, from October 2018 to August 2019, at the Management Unit for Wildlife Conservation Rancho San Juan, municipality of Monclova, Coahuila, Mexico. The importance value index (IVI) of each plant species per station and the Shannon diversity index were estimated. Biomass production was expressed in kg ha^-1 per station and stratum. 46 species of plants were identified, some foragers such as Acacia berlandieri and Acacia rigidula. In addition, plants that provide thermal protection such as Cenchrus ciliaris and Yucca filifera. According to IVI, Agave lechuguilla (59.78 %) in spring, Hilaria mutica in summer (62.02 %) and autumn (86.59 %), and Cenchrus ciliaris in winter (107.00 %) were the most important. The middle stratum contributed a greater amount of biomass (> 1 000 kg ha^-1) unlike the upper stratum, which produced less (≤ 250 kg ha^-1). The desert scrub species that make up grasses and shrubs provide the fundamental resources for the development of Odocoileus virginianus populations in the area.