INDICES DE DIVERSIDAD Y SIMILITUD DE HONGOS ECTOMICORRIZÓGENOS EN BOSQUES DE BOCOYNA, CHIHUAHUA, MÉXICO

Abstract

Species composition of ectomycorrhizal fungi (HEM) is an indicator of the structure and function of a forest ecosistem. In the Municipaly of Bocyna, from the months of July to September of 2005, four samples were taken to measure the abundance and diversity of species HEM from each of the fo!lowing zones (i.e. treatments): 1. bumed zone, 2. logging zone, 3. regeneration zone and 4. natural forest zone. The Shannon-Wiener, Pielou equitativity as well as the Sorensen diversity indexes were used. A total of 1377 sporomas were obtained that belonged to 39 species. The natural forest zone showed the highest diversity and similarity of fungal species and most species belonged to the genus Amanita. The regeneration zone showed the highest frequency of sporocarps but with less diversity of species and richness dueto the high abundance of Laccaria /accata. The burned and logging zones showed the lowest diversity index, however in the burned zone there was a significant abundance of Astraeus hygrometricus. Using the Sorensen's index it was found that most common species are in the natural and regeneration zones due to higher richness and affinitiy of species. The genera Amanita, Astraeus, Boletus, lnocybe, Lacaria, Lactarius and Russula, presented the highest abundance and richness of all species in ali the zones of the study explaining the importance of HEM in the conservation of a pine forest.