Efficiency of air layering in three tropical pine taxa with different auxin concentrations
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29298/rmcf.v17i93.1589Keywords:
Auxin, adventitious rooting, hybrid, Pinus caribaea Moralet, Pinus caribaea x Pinus tecunumanii, Pinus elliottii x Pinus caribaeaAbstract
Air layering is an effective tool for cloning adult trees that are difficult to propagate, but roots are not always successfully generated; therefore, it is necessary to apply hormones exogenously and define their dosage. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) concentration on the rooting of layers in three taxa of tropical pines. Twenty trees were selected in a provenance trial, and the experiment was established in a completely randomized design with treatments arranged factorially: (1) taxon factor: Pinus caribaea and the hybrids P. caribaea × P. tecunumanii and P. elliottii × P. caribaea; (2) IBA concentration factor: 10, 20, 30, and 40 g kg⁻¹ of substrate. Survival (%), rooting (%), bud growth (cm), and root number were evaluated in the three taxa. The data were analyzed using Aligned Ranks Transformations. The two factors and their interaction showed no statistical differences (p < 0.05) for any variable. The survival of the layered branch in the three taxa was >50%. The maximum rooting value and the number of roots generated were recorded in P. caribaea (31.25% and 0.78) and P. caribaea × P. tecunumanii (28.57% and 1.17). IBA concentrations of 10, 20, 30, and 40 g kg⁻¹ promoted 35, 25, 15, and 25% rooting of the layer. Propagation was achieved in all tested taxa, but other auxin concentrations are needed to increase the success of the layers.
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